IEA §95 → BSA §101
Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts
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Comparison
95. Evidence as to document unmeaning reference to existing facts. –– When language used in a document is plain in itself, but is unmeaning in reference to existing facts, evidence may be given to show that it was used in a peculiar sense. Illustration A sells to B, by deed, “my house in Calcutta”. A had no house in Calcutta, but it appears that he had a house at Howrah, of which B had been in possession since the execution of the deed.
101. Evidence may be given to show the meaning of illegible or not commonly intelligible characters, of foreign, obsolete, technical, local and regional expressions, of abbreviations and of words used in a peculiar sense. Illustration. A, sculptor, agrees to sell to B, "all my mods".Ahas both models and modelling tools. Evidence may be given to show which he meant to sell.
What changedAI-inferred
Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts.
Old position
IEA 95 is concerned with Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts. Evidence as to document unmeaning reference to existing facts
New position
BSA 101 preserves the framework with drafting modernisations as required by the new code. Topic: Evidence as to meaning of illegible Illustration.. Evidence may be given to show the meaning of illegible or not commonly intelligible characters, of foreign, obsolete, technical, local and regional expressions, of abbreviations and of words used in a peculiar sense
BSA 101 (Evidence as to meaning of illegible Illustration.) preserves the framework of IEA 95. BSA 101 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code. BSA 101 text: Evidence may be given to show the...
Editorial deltaAI-indicated (source-linked)
BSA 101 (Evidence as to meaning of illegible Illustration.) preserves the framework of IEA 95. BSA 101 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code.
BSA 101 text: Evidence may be given to show the meaning of illegible or not commonly intelligible characters, of foreign, obsolete, technical, local and regional expressions, of abbreviations and of words used in a peculiar sense. Illustration. A, sculptor, agrees to sell to B, "all my mods".Ahas both models and modelling tools....
Transitional note (repeal & savings)
For matters initiated before 1 July 2024, IEA 95 continues to apply. For matters from that date forward, BSA 101 applies. The transition is governed by the repeal-and-savings clause in the new code (BNS 358 / BNSS 531 / BSA 170 as the case may be); pending proceedings under the old code carry forward unaffected.
Frequently asked
BSA 101 (Evidence as to meaning of illegible Illustration.). The relationship is classified as substantively_same — see the change-note above for the textual delta.
Sources
- India Code — Indian Evidence Act, 1872
- Gazette of India — Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
Cite this page
Newlaws.in, IEA §95 → BSA §101 Mapping Page, last updated 2026-05-01, accessed 2026-06-15, https://newlaws.in/iea/95.
Compiled using AI-assisted tools · Source-linked · Last updated 2026-05-01
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