IPC §17 → BNS §2

BNS Section 2(12) carries the same closed set: Government means the Central Government or a State Government. The drafting convention shifts (denotes → means, Government of a State → a State Government) but the scope of "Government" — Centre and States — is the same. Union Territory administration continues to be covered through the Central Government umbrella and the external statutory framework, the same way it was under IPC 17.

IPC Section 17 defines Government as the Central Government or the Government of a State. BNS Section 2(12) carries the same closed set, with two drafting adjustments: (i) denotes is replaced by means, reflecting the BNS definitions-section convention while retaining a closed definition (IPC 17's text uses no inclusive or illustrative wording, so denotes is already operating as a closed definition); and (ii) Government of a State is standardised to a State Government (terminology normalisation without scope change). Punctuation shifts from a full stop to a semicolon as part of sub-clause formatting. No express inclusion of Union Territory administrations is introduced — treatment of UT administration remains unchanged relative to IPC 17 (covered via the Central Government umbrella and the external statutory framework).