IPC §434BNS §326

Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a land-mark fixed by public authority

ModifiedConfidence: mediumStatus: cross checkedconsolidation context(observed)
Last updated 2026-05-01 · Input coverage: partial

Compiled by AI-assisted tools. Text verified against official sources where indicated. Field-level labels (AI-indicated / AI-inferred / Text-verified) apply per edge metadata. Verify current bail/cognizable status against official sources before relying on procedural claims. Last updated: 2026-04-28.

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Comparison

Old law
IPC §434
Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a land-mark fixed by public authority

434. Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a land-mark fixed by public authority.—Whoever commits mischief by destroying or moving any land-mark fixed by the authority of a public servant, or by any act which renders such land-mark less useful as such, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.

New law
BNS §326
Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc.

Whoever commits mischief by,—

(a) doing any act which causes, or which he knows to be likely to cause, a diminution of the supply of water for agricultural purposes, or for food or drink for human beings or for animals which are property, or for cleanliness or for carrying on any manufacture, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both;

(b) doing any act which renders or which he knows to be likely to render any public road, bridge, navigable river or navigable channel, natural or artificial, impassable or less safe for travelling or conveying property, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both;

(c) doing any act which causes or which he knows to be likely to cause an inundation or an obstruction to any public drainage attended with injury or damage, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both;

(d) destroying or moving any sign or signal used for navigation of rail, aircraft or ship or other thing placed as a guide for navigators, or by any act which renders any such sign or signal less useful as a guide for navigators, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, or with fine, or with both;

(e) destroying or moving any land-mark fixed by the authority of a public servant, or by any act which renders such land-mark less useful as such, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both;

(f) fire or any explosive substance intending to cause, or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause, damage to any property including agricultural produce, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine;

(g) fire or any explosive substance, intending to cause, or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause, the destruction of any building which is ordinarily used as a place of worship or as a human dwelling or as a place for the custody of property, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.

What changedAI-inferred

IPC 434 modified by BNS 326(d) with rail/aircraft signals added.

Old position

IPC 434 is concerned with Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a land-mark fixed by public authority. Mischief by destroying or moving, etc

New position

BNS 326 modifies the framework. Topic: Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc.. Whoever commits mischief by,

BNS 326 modifies IPC 434. IPC 434 modified by BNS 326(d) with rail/aircraft signals added. BNS 326 text: Whoever commits mischief by,—(a) doing any act which causes, or which he knows to be likely to cause, a diminution of the supply of water for agricultural purposes, or for food or drink for...

Editorial deltaAI-indicated (source-linked)

BNS 326 consolidates IPC 434 (mischief by destroying landmark fixed by public authority) alongside other IPC mischief sub-categories (water-supply diminution, etc.) into a structured single section significantly longer than IPC 434. The landmark-mischief provision is in unseen sub-sections of BNS 326; the visible sub-section (a) covers water-supply mischief.

Transitional note (repeal & savings)

For matters initiated before 1 July 2024, IPC 434 continues to apply. For matters from that date forward, BNS 326 applies. The transition is governed by the repeal-and-savings clause in the new code (BNS 358 / BNSS 531 / BSA 170 as the case may be); pending proceedings under the old code carry forward unaffected.

Frequently asked

BNS 326 (Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc.). The relationship is classified as modified — see the change-note above for the textual delta.

Sources

Cite this page

Newlaws.in, IPC §434 → BNS §326 Mapping Page, last updated 2026-05-01, accessed 2026-06-12, https://newlaws.in/ipc/434.

Compiled using AI-assisted tools · Source-linked · Last updated 2026-05-01

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