BNSS §173
Information in cognizable cases
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154. Information in cognizable cases.—(1) Every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offence, if given orally to an officer in charge of a police station, shall be reduced to writing by him or under his direction, and be read over to the informant; and every such information, whether given in writing or reduced to writing as aforesaid, shall be signed by the person giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book to be kept by such officer in such form as the State Government may prescribe in this behalf: 1[Provided that if the information is given by the woman against whom an offence under section 326A, section 326B, section 354, section 354A, section 354B, section 354C, section 354D, section 376, 2[section 376A, section 376AB, section 376B, section 376C, section 376D, section 376DA, section 376DB], section 376E or section 509 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) is alleged to have been committed or attempted, then such information shall be recorded, by a woman police officer or any woman officer: Provided further that— (a) in the event that the person against whom an offence under section 354, section 354A, section 354B, section 354C, section 354D, section 376, 1[section 376A, section 376AB, section 376B, section 376C, section 376D, section 376DA, section 376DB], section 376E or section 509 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) is alleged to have been committed or attempted, is temporarily or permanently mentally or physically disabled, then such information shall be recorded by a police officer, at the residence of the person seeking to report such offence or at a convenient place of such person’s choice, in the presence of an interpreter or a special educator, as the case may be; (b) the recording of such information shall be video graphed; (c) the police officer shall get the statement of the person recorded by a Judicial Magistrate under clause (a) of sub-section (5A) of section 164 as soon as possible.]
(2) A copy of the information as recorded under sub-section
(1) shall be given forthwith, free of cost, to the informant.
(3) Any person aggrieved by a refusal on the part of an officer in charge of a police station to record the information referred to in sub-section
(1) may send the substance of such information, in writing and by post, to the Superintendent of Police concerned who, if satisfied that such information discloses the commission of a cognizable offence, shall either investigate the case himself or direct an investigation to be made by any police officer subordinate to him, in the manner provided by this Code, and such officer shall have all the powers of an officer in charge of the police station in relation to that offence. 1. Ins. by Act 13 of 2013, s. 13 (w.e.f. 3-2-2013). 2. Subs. by Act 22 of 2018, s. 11, for “section 376A, section 376B, section 376C, section 376D” (w.e.f. 21-4-2019). STATE AMENDMENT Chhattisgarh In first proviso to sub-section
(1) of section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (here-in-after referred to as the Code) for the words and figure “or section 509” the words, figures, letters and punctuations, “ section 509, section 509A or section 509B” shall be substituted. [Vide Chhattisgarh Act 25 of 2015, s. 7.]
(1) Every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offence, irrespective of the area where the offence is committed, may be given orally or by electronic communication to an officer in charge of a police station, and if given—
(i) orally, it shall be reduced to writing by him or under his direction, and be read over to the informant; and every such information, whether given in writing or reduced to writing as aforesaid, shall be signed by the person giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book to be kept by such officer in such form as the State Government may by rules prescribe in this behalf;
(ii) by electronic communication, it shall be taken on record by him on being signed within three days by the person giving it.
(2) A copy of the information as recorded under sub-section (1) shall be given forthwith, free of cost, to the informant.
(3) Without prejudice to the provisions contained in section 175, on receipt of information relating to the commission of any cognizable offence, which is made punishable for three years or more but less than seven years, the officer in charge of the police station may with the prior permission from an officer not below the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police, considering the nature and gravity of the offence,—
(i) proceed to conduct preliminary enquiry to ascertain whether there exists a prima facie case for proceeding in the matter within a period of fourteen days; or
(ii) proceed with investigation when there exists a prima facie case.
(4) Any person aggrieved by a refusal on the part of an officer in charge of a police station to record the information referred to in sub-section (1), may send the substance of such information, in writing and by post, to the Superintendent of Police concerned who, if satisfied that such information discloses the commission of a cognizable offence, shall either investigate the case himself or direct an investigation to be made by any police officer subordinate to him, in the manner provided by this Sanhita, and such officer shall have all the powers of an officer in charge of the police station in relation to that offence.
What changedAI-inferred
FIR — BNSS 173 introduces Zero FIR (anyone can lodge anywhere); e-FIR for cognizable offences; mandatory 14-day forwarding to police having jurisdiction; 3-day to 14-day preliminary inquiry framework for offences punishable with 3+ years.
Old position
CrPC 154 is concerned with Information in cognizable cases. Information in cognizable cases
New position
BNSS 173 modifies the framework. Topic: Information in cognizable cases. Every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offence, irrespective of the area where the offence is committed, may be given orally or by electronic communication to an officer in charge of a police station, and if given
BNSS 173 retains the CrPC 154 spine of mandatory registration of cognizable-offence information but introduces four set-affecting changes: Zero FIR : information may be given irrespective of the area where the offence is committed . Pre-BNSS, station-level territorial jurisdiction was an...
Editorial deltaAI-indicated (source-linked)
BNSS 173 retains the CrPC 154 spine of mandatory registration of cognizable-offence information but introduces four set-affecting changes:
- Zero FIR: information may be given irrespective of the area where the offence is committed. Pre-BNSS, station-level territorial jurisdiction was an implicit gate-keeping rule; courts had to engineer Zero FIR through the Lalita Kumari framework.
- Electronic communication: an information may be given by electronic communication; the recipient officer must take the signature of the informant within three days for it to count as recorded.
- Preliminary inquiry framework: for offences punishable with 3 to 7 years, the officer-in-charge may conduct a 14-day preliminary inquiry with prior permission of an officer not below DSP rank. For offences punishable with 7 years or more, registration is mandatory and no inquiry is permitted.
- Mandatory Magistrate transmission: every FIR copy must be sent to the Magistrate, who may direct the police to take cognizance.
The CrPC 154(2) free-copy obligation and CrPC 154(3) higher-police-officer complaint pathway are preserved character-identically. Lalita Kumari v. Government of UP, (2014) 2 SCC 1 remains the interpretive anchor for mandatory FIR registration.
Transitional note (repeal & savings)
For matters initiated before 1 July 2024, CrPC 154 continues to apply. For matters from that date forward, BNSS 173 applies. The transition is governed by the repeal-and-savings clause in the new code (BNS 358 / BNSS 531 / BSA 170 as the case may be); pending proceedings under the old code carry forward unaffected.
Frequently asked
BNSS 173 (Information in cognizable cases). The relationship is classified as modified — see the change-note above for the textual delta.
Sources
- India Code — Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
- Gazette of India — Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
Cite this page
Newlaws.in, CRPC §154 → BNSS §173 Mapping Page, last updated 2026-05-01, accessed 2026-06-15, https://newlaws.in/bnss/173.
Compiled using AI-assisted tools · Source-linked · Last updated 2026-05-01
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