BSA §46
In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned.
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Comparison
52. In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant.––In civil cases, the fact that the character of any person concerned is such as to render probable or improbable any conduct imputed to him, is irrelevant, except in so far as such character appears from facts otherwise relevant.
46. In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned is such as to render probable or improbable any conduct imputed to him, is irrelevant, except in so far as such character appears from facts otherwise relevant.
What changedAI-inferred
In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant.
Old position
IEA 52 is concerned with In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant. In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant
New position
BSA 46 preserves the framework with drafting modernisations as required by the new code. Topic: In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned.. In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned is such as to render probable or improbable any conduct imputed to him, is irrelevant, except in so far as such character appears from facts otherwise relevant
BSA 46 (In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned.) preserves the framework of IEA 52. BSA 46 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code. BSA 46 text: In civil cases the...
Editorial deltaAI-indicated (source-linked)
BSA 46 (In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned.) preserves the framework of IEA 52. BSA 46 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code.
BSA 46 text: In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned is such as to render probable or improbable any conduct imputed to him, is irrelevant, except in so far as such character appears from facts otherwise relevant.
Transitional note (repeal & savings)
For matters initiated before 1 July 2024, IEA 52 continues to apply. For matters from that date forward, BSA 46 applies. The transition is governed by the repeal-and-savings clause in the new code (BNS 358 / BNSS 531 / BSA 170 as the case may be); pending proceedings under the old code carry forward unaffected.
Frequently asked
BSA 46 (In civil cases the fact that the character of any person concerned.). The relationship is classified as substantively_same — see the change-note above for the textual delta.
Sources
- India Code — Indian Evidence Act, 1872
- Gazette of India — Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
Cite this page
Newlaws.in, IEA §52 → BSA §46 Mapping Page, last updated 2026-05-01, accessed 2026-06-14, https://newlaws.in/bsa/46.
Compiled using AI-assisted tools · Source-linked · Last updated 2026-05-01
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