IEA §109 → BSA §112
Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent
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Comparison
109. Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent. –– When the question is whether persons are partners, landlord and tenant, or principal and agent, and it has been shown that they have been acting as such, the burden of proving that they do not stand, or have ceased to stand, to each other in those relationships respectively, is on the person who affirms it.
112. When the question is whether persons are partners, landlord and tenant, or principal and agent, and it has been shown that they have been acting as such, the burden of proving that they do not stand, or have ceased to stand, to each other in those relationships respectively, is on the person who affirms it.
What changedAI-inferred
Burden of proof as to relationship in cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent.
Old position
IEA 109 is concerned with Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent. Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent
New position
BSA 112 preserves the framework with drafting modernisations as required by the new code. Topic: Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of.. When the question is whether persons are partners, landlord and tenant, or principal and agent, and it has been shown that they have been acting as such, the burden of proving that they do not stand, or have ceased to stand, to each other
BSA 112 (Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of.) preserves the framework of IEA 109. BSA 112 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code. BSA 112 text: When the question is whether...
Editorial deltaAI-indicated (source-linked)
BSA 112 (Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of.) preserves the framework of IEA 109. BSA 112 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code.
BSA 112 text: When the question is whether persons are partners, landlord and tenant, or principal and agent, and it has been shown that they have been acting as such, the burden of proving that they do not stand, or have ceased to stand, to each other in those relationships respectively, is on the person who affirms it.
Transitional note (repeal & savings)
For matters initiated before 1 July 2024, IEA 109 continues to apply. For matters from that date forward, BSA 112 applies. The transition is governed by the repeal-and-savings clause in the new code (BNS 358 / BNSS 531 / BSA 170 as the case may be); pending proceedings under the old code carry forward unaffected.
Frequently asked
BSA 112 (Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of.). The relationship is classified as substantively_same — see the change-note above for the textual delta.
Government source
The statutory text above is compiled from the Act as published by the Government of India. The links open the full Act; use the PDF's search to find the section number. The linked government pages offer no link to a single section.
Indian Evidence Act, 1872 · §109
View government sourcelddashboard.legislative.gov.in(opens the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Web page on lddashboard.legislative.gov.in in a new tab)Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India · Web page
Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 · §112
View government sourcemha.gov.in(opens the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 PDF on mha.gov.in in a new tab)Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India · PDF
Newlaws.in is an independent site, not a government body. The mappings and notes on this page are its own AI-assisted comparison and are not published or endorsed by any government body.
Sources
- India Code — Indian Evidence Act, 1872
- Gazette of India — Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
Cite this page
Newlaws.in, IEA §109 → BSA §112 Mapping Page, last updated 2026-05-01, accessed 2026-10-29, https://newlaws.in/iea/109.
Compiled using AI-assisted tools · Source-linked · Last updated 2026-05-01
Not legal advice. Verify against the bare act and consult a qualified advocate for any specific matter.