BSA §68

If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved.

Substantively sameConfidence: mediumStatus: cross checked
View government sourcemha.gov.in(opens the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 PDF on mha.gov.in in a new tab)
Last updated 2026-05-01 · Input coverage: full

Compiled by AI-assisted tools. Verify current status against official sources. Last updated: 2026-04-28.

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Comparison

Old law
IEA §69
Proof where no attesting witness found

69. Proof where no attesting witness found.––If no such attesting witness can be found, or if the document purports to have been executed in the United Kingdom, it must be proved that the attestation of one attesting witness at least is in his handwriting, and that the signature of the person executing the document is in the hand writing of that person.

New law
BSA §68
If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved.

68. If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved that the attestation of one attesting witness at least is in his handwriting, and that the signature of the person executing the document is in the handwriting of that person. Rules as to notice to produce. Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced. Proof as to electronic signature. Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested. Proof where no attesting witness found.

What changedAI-inferred

Proof where no attesting witness found.

Old position

IEA 69 is concerned with Proof where no attesting witness found. Proof where no attesting witness found

New position

BSA 68 preserves the framework with drafting modernisations as required by the new code. Topic: If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved.. If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved that the attestation of one attesting witness at least is in his handwriting, and that the signature of the person executing the document is in the handwriting of that person

BSA 68 (If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved.) preserves the framework of IEA 69. BSA 68 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code. BSA 68 text: If no such attesting...

Editorial deltaAI-indicated (source-linked)

BSA 68 (If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved.) preserves the framework of IEA 69. BSA 68 retains the operative provisions in substantively the same form, with drafting modernisation and structural updates as required by the new code.

BSA 68 text: If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved that the attestation of one attesting witness at least is in his handwriting, and that the signature of the person executing the document is in the handwriting of that person. Rules as to notice to produce. Proof of signature and handwriting of person...

Transitional note (repeal & savings)

For matters initiated before 1 July 2024, IEA 69 continues to apply. For matters from that date forward, BSA 68 applies. The transition is governed by the repeal-and-savings clause in the new code (BNS 358 / BNSS 531 / BSA 170 as the case may be); pending proceedings under the old code carry forward unaffected.

Frequently asked

BSA 68 (If no such attesting witness can be found, it must be proved.). The relationship is classified as substantively_same — see the change-note above for the textual delta.

Government source

The statutory text above is compiled from the Act as published by the Government of India. The links open the full Act; use the PDF's search to find the section number. The linked government pages offer no link to a single section.

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Sources

Cite this page

Newlaws.in, IEA §69 → BSA §68 Mapping Page, last updated 2026-05-01, accessed 2026-10-29, https://newlaws.in/bsa/68.

Compiled using AI-assisted tools · Source-linked · Last updated 2026-05-01

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